I-Taxus chinensis(Yew), isihlahla sakudala esashiywa ngemuva kweqhwa laseQuaternary, sifakwe ohlwini lwezitshalo eziyivelakancane nezisengozini yokushabalala emhlabeni kanye nezinhlobo eziyishumi eziphezulu ezisengozini yokushabalala. "plant giant panda".
Ngakho,
“Njengezinsalela eziphilayo zezitshalo”, iyini imiphumela nokusetshenziswa kwe-yew extract?
I-Yew, isitshalo se-Taxus sase-Taxaceae.Kunezinhlobo ezingu-11 ze-yew emhlabeni, ezisatshalaliswa ezindaweni ezipholile ezindaweni ezishisayo enyakatho nenkabazwe.Kunezinhlobo ezingu-4 kanye nohlobo olulodwa eShayina, okungukuthi, i-yew yamaShayina, i-yew esenyakatho-mpumalanga, i-Yunnan yew I-yew yaseNingizimu kanye ne-Tibet yew, esatshalaliswa eNyakatho-mpumalanga, eNingizimu China naseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeChina. ukwelashwa komdlavuza”.
Umlando wokuthuthuka we-paclitaxel:
Ngo-1963, osokhemisi baseMelika u-MCWani kanye noMonre E.wall baqala ukuhlukanisa i-paclitaxel emagxolweni nasenkuni ye-Pacific yew, emila emahlathini asentshonalanga ye-United States. ukuthi ukukhishwa okungahluziwe kwe-paclitaxel kunomsebenzi ophezulu kumaseli ethumba legundane ku-vitro, futhi waqala ukuhlukanisa le ngxenye esebenzayo.Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphansi kakhulu kwesithako esisebenzayo ezitshalweni, akuzange kube ngu-1971 lapho besebenzisana no-Andre t.McPhail , uprofesa wamakhemikhali eNyuvesi yaseDuke ukuze anqume ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwesithako esisebenzayo-inhlanganisela ye-tetracyclic diterpene, futhi wayiqamba ngokuthi i-taxol.
Iyini i-paclitaxel?
I-Paclitaxel i-monomer diterpenoid ekhishwe egxolweni le-Natural Plant Taxus.Iyi-metabolite yesibili eyinkimbinkimbi.Futhi iwukuphela kwesidakamizwa esaziwa ngokukhuthaza i-microtubule polymerization kanye nokusimamisa ama-microtubules a-polymerized.Ukulandelela kwe-Isotope kwabonisa ukuthi i-paclitaxel yayiboshwe kuphela kuma-microtubules enziwe nge-polymerized futhi yakwenza. ungaphenduli nge-unpolymerized tubulin dimers.Ngemva kokuxhumana ne-paclitaxel, amangqamuzana azoqongelela inani elikhulu lama-microtubules kumaseli.Ukuqoqwa kwala ma-microtubules kuphazamisa imisebenzi ehlukahlukene yamangqamuzana, ikakhulukazi kumisa ukuhlukana kwamaseli esigabeni se-mitotic futhi kuvimbele ukuhlukana kwamaseli okuvamile.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-paclitaxel:
1.Umdlavuza
I-Paclitaxel iwumugqa wokuqala womuthi wokwelapha umdlavuza wesibeletho kanye nomdlavuza webele othuthukile.Ukuphathwa Komdlavuza Kazwelonke kwaqala izivivinyo zemitholampilo yabantu kusukela ngo-1983 ukuhlola ubuthi kanye nomsebenzi wokulwa nomdlavuza.
I-Paclitaxel isetshenziswa kakhulu kumdlavuza we-ovarian kanye nomdlavuza webele ngokusebenzisa isifundo somtholampilo sesibili nesesithathu.Ibuye ibe nomthelela othile kumdlavuza wamaphaphu, umdlavuza we-colorectal, i-melanoma, umdlavuza wekhanda nentamo, i-lymphoma kanye nesimila sobuchopho.
2.I-Antitumor
I-Paclitaxel iwukukhetha kokuqala kwemithi elwa nesimila ezibhedlela emhlabeni wonke.Ingakhuthaza ukuhlangana kwama-microtubules ngokugqugquzela ukwenziwa kwe-polymerization yama-spindle tubulin subunits.Iyisidakamizwa esilwa ne-microtubule antitumor.
3.Ukwelashwa kwesifo samathambo
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi i-taxol ivunyelwe yi-FDA nge-rheumatoid arthritis, futhi ijeli ye-paclitaxel iwukulungiselela okusekhanda kwe-paclitaxel ku-rheumatoid arthritis.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-21-2022