Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-paclitaxel yindaba egcwele ukusonteka nezinselele, eyaqala ngokutholakala kwesithako esisebenzayo ku-taxus taxus, yadlula amashumi eminyaka ocwaningo nentuthuko, futhi ekugcineni yaba umuthi osetshenziswa kakhulu wokulwa nomdlavuza emtholampilo.
Ngawo-1960, iNational Cancer Institute kanye noMnyango Wezolimo wase-US babambisana ohlelweni lokuhlola isampula yezitshalo ukuze bathole imithi emisha yomdlavuza.Ngo-1962, u-Barclay, isazi sezitshalo, waqoqa amagxolo namahlamvu esifundazweni sase-Washington wawathumela e-NCI ukuze ayohlolelwa umsebenzi wokulwa nomdlavuza.Ngemuva kochungechunge lokuhlolwa, ithimba eliholwa uDkt. Wall kanye noDkt. Wani bagcina behlukanise i-paclitaxel ngo-1966.
Ukutholwa kwe-paclitaxel kudonse ukunaka okubanzi futhi kwaqala inqubo yocwaningo nentuthuko enkulu.Eminyakeni eyalandela, ososayensi benza izifundo ezijulile zesakhiwo samakhemikhali se-paclitaxel futhi banquma ukwakheka kwayo kwamangqamuzana.Ngo-1971, ithimba likaDkt. Wani laphinde lanquma ukwakheka kwekristalu kanye ne-NMR spectroscopypaclitaxel, ibeka isisekelo sokusetshenziswa kwayo emtholampilo.
I-Paclitaxel yenze kahle ezivivinyweni zomtholampilo futhi isiyindlela yokwelapha yokuqala yomdlavuza webele nowesibeletho kanye nomdlavuza wekhanda, wentamo namaphaphu.Kodwa-ke, izinsiza ze-paclitaxel zilinganiselwe kakhulu, ezikhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwayo komtholampilo okubanzi.Ukuze kuxazululwe le nkinga, ososayensi benze ucwaningo oluningi ukuze bahlole ukuhlanganiswa kwe-paclitaxel.Ngemva kweminyaka eminingi yemizamo, abantu baye bahlakulela izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuhlanganisa i-paclitaxel, okuhlanganisa ukuhlanganisa okuphelele kanye ne-semi-synthesis.
Esikhathini esizayo, ucwaningo lwepaclitaxelizoqhubeka nokujula.Ngokuqhubeka okuqhubekayo kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, abantu kulindeleke ukuthi bathole izinto ezengeziwe ze-bioactive ezihlobene ne-paclitaxel futhi baqhubeke baqonde indlela yokusebenza kwayo.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe be-synthesis, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-paclitaxel kuzosebenza kahle futhi kube nobungane bemvelo, ukuze kunikeze isiqinisekiso esingcono sokusetshenziswa kwayo komtholampilo okubanzi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ososayensi bazophinde bahlole ukusetshenziswa kwe-paclitaxel ngokuhlanganiswa neminye imithi elwa nomdlavuza ukuze kuhlinzekwe ngezinketho zokwelapha ezisebenza ngempumelelo.
Kafushane,paclitaxelumuthi wemvelo wokulwa nomdlavuza onenani elibalulekile lokwelapha, futhi inqubo yawo yocwaningo nentuthuko igcwele izinselele kanye nezimpumelelo.Esikhathini esizayo, ngenqubekelaphambili eqhubekayo yesayensi nobuchwepheshe kanye nocwaningo olujulile, i-paclitaxel kulindeleke ukuthi ibambe iqhaza elibalulekile ekwelapheni izinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza.
Qaphela: Izinzuzo ezingaba khona kanye nezicelo ezivezwe kulesi sihloko zithathwe ezincwadini ezishicilelwe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-13-2023